Antimicrobial Activity of Selected Yoruba Chewing Sticks and Branded Toothpastes on Bacteria Isolated from Carious Teeth

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61172/a9srbr16

Keywords:

Yoruba chewing sticks, Branded toothpastes, Tooth decay

Abstract

Objectives: Dental decay and associated toothache infection causes pains and discomfort; and are characterized by many symptoms.  It may be due to bacterial infection or many other causes.

This study determined the antimicrobial activities of methanol extracts of three selected Yoruba chewing sticks; Sorindeia warneckei, Garcinia kola, Veronia amygdalina and aqueous extracts of   three branded toothpastes; NCT,  MCL, and OLV on   isolates of bacteria from cases of  toothache  infection

Materials and Methods: A total number of  thirty (30), comprising three  different species,  biochemically characterized  isolates   from tooth ache infection;   Streptococcus oralis (10),   Lactobacillus spp(10) and Streptococcus mutans(10)  were collected on slant   from    a dental clinic in Ibadan and confirmed on Sheep blood agar medium fortified with serum,  and  deMan Rogosa Sharpe (MRS agar).  The isolates were  Gram stained, with other biochemical identification tests.  The isolates were challenged with methanol extract of selected chewing sticks and  aqueous extract of branded toothpastes using standard  broth dilution method to determine its MIC’s and MBC’s. The chewing sticks extract were  screened for secondary metabolites using standard methods.

Results: The percentage crude extract yield from initial   weight of 200g of  Sorindeia warneckei  was found to be 9. 25%,  while Garcinia kola and Veronia amygdalina  exhibited 6.8% and 5.7% Alkaloids, anthraquinones, tannins, flavonoids and saponins were present in 3 selected chewing sticks . Statistical analysis by Anova test  of  MIC and  MBC methanol extracts for different concentrations of 3 chewing sticks and branded toothpastes evaluated showed significant inhibition of growth for 3.125, 12.56, 25 µg/mL as indicated in S.oralis1, Lactobacilli spp15 and  S.mutans 30 for Sorindeia warneckei,   6.25, 3.125,6.25 µg/mL for Garcinia kola and 25, 12.5,25 µg/mL for  Veronia amygdalina and when compared to 12.56 and 100 µg/mL  MIC aqueous extract of  3 branded tooth pastes. The aqueous extract of toothpastes determined  showed    lesser antimicrobial activity than the methanol extract of  the three chewing sticks from the MIC’s and MBC’s point of view.

Conclusion: The methanol extract of selected chewing sticks explored showed  competitive   antimicrobial activity in comparison with branded toothpaste. The antimicrobial constituents in the methanol extracts of the selected chewing sticks hold the potential for clinical application and can be incorporated into conventional household tooth pastes.

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Author Biography

  • Morenike Eunice Coker, Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan Nigeria

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References

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Published

03-10-2025

How to Cite

Antimicrobial Activity of Selected Yoruba Chewing Sticks and Branded Toothpastes on Bacteria Isolated from Carious Teeth. (2025). Nigerian Dental Journal, 33(3). https://doi.org/10.61172/a9srbr16

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